Heterocyclic Building Blocks-piperazine

Multi-residue determination of 210 drugs in pork by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was written by Yin, Zhiqiang;Chai, Tingting;Mu, Pengqian;Xu, Nana;Song, Yue;Wang, Xinlu;Jia, Qi;Qiu, Jing. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2016.Electric Literature of C21H29Cl3N2O2 This article mentions the following:

This paper presents a multi-residue anal. method for 210 drugs in pork using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatog.-Q-Trap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) within 20 min via pos. ESI in scheduled multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The 210 drugs, belonging to 21 different chem. classes, included macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, β-lactams, β-agonists, aminoglycosides, antiviral drugs, glycosides, phenothiazine, protein anabolic hormones, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), quinolones, antifungal drugs, corticosteroids, imidazoles, piperidines, piperazidines, insecticides, amides, alkaloids and others. A rapid and simple preparation method was applied to process the animal tissues, including solvent extraction with an acetonitrile/water mixture (80/20, volume/volume), defatting and clean-up processes. The recoveries ranged from 52% to 130% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) < 20% for spiked concentrations of 10, 50 and 250 μg/kg. More than 90% of the analytes achieved low limits of quantification (LOQs) < 10 μg/kg. The decision limit (CCα), detection capability (CCβ) values were in the range of 2-502 μg/kg and 4-505 μg/kg, resp. This method is significant for food safety monitoring and controlling veterinary drug use. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Electric Literature of C21H29Cl3N2O2).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. The piperazine scaffold is often found in biologically active compounds in different therapeutic areas. These therapeutic areas include antifungals, antidepressants, antivirals, and serotonin receptor (5-HT) antagonists/agonists. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Electric Literature of C21H29Cl3N2O2

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structural binding site comparisons reveal Crizotinib as a novel LRRK2 inhibitor was written by Bolz, Sarah Naomi;Salentin, Sebastian;Jennings, Gary;Haupt, V. Joachim;Sterneckert, Jared;Schroeder, Michael. And the article was included in Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal in 2021.Formula: C23H32N6O4S This article mentions the following:

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are a frequent cause of autosomal dominant Parkinsons disease (PD) and have been associated with familial and sporadic PD. Reducing the kinase activity of LRRK2 is a promising therapeutic strategy since pathogenic mutations increase the kinase activity. Several small-mol. LRRK2 inhibitors are currently under investigation for the treatment of PD. However, drug discovery and development are always accompanied by high costs and a risk of late failure. The use of already approved drugs for a new indication, which is known as drug repositioning, can reduce the cost and risk. In this study, we applied a structure-based drug repositioning approach to identify new LRRK2 inhibitors that are already approved for a different indication. In a large-scale structure-based screening, we compared the protein-ligand interaction patterns of known LRRK2 inhibitors with protein-ligand complexes in the PDB. The screening yielded 6 drug repositioning candidates. Two of these candidates, Sunitinib and Crizotinib, demonstrated an inhibition potency (IC50) and binding affinity (Kd) in the nanomolar to micromolar range. While Sunitinib has already been known to inhibit LRRK2, Crizotinib is a novel LRRK2 binder. Our results underscore the potential of structure-based methods for drug discovery and development. In light of the recent breakthroughs in cryo-electron microscopy and structure prediction, we believe that structure-based approaches like ours will grow in importance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Ethoxy-5-((4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-one (cas: 224785-90-4Formula: C23H32N6O4S).

2-(2-Ethoxy-5-((4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-one (cas: 224785-90-4) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine belongs to the family of medicines called anthelmintics. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Formula: C23H32N6O4S

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Solar and visible-light active nano Ni/g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst for carbon monoxide (CO) and ligand-free carbonylation reactions was written by Hosseini-Sarvari, Mona;Akrami, Zahra. And the article was included in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2021.Related Products of 72141-41-4 This article mentions the following:

In this study, we investigate the amino and alkoxycarbonylation reaction between various substituted aryl halides, benzyl iodides, and iodocyclohexane with different types of amines and alcs. in the absence of carbon monoxide gas and ligands. Similar reactions are carried out at high temperatures, in the presence of appropriate ligands, stoichiometric amounts of bases, and gaseous carbon monoxide, which endanger the health of organic chemists. We present a novel method that does not utilize ligands, bases, gaseous CO, and special conditions. This procedure is a redox reaction carried out by new economic nano Ni/g-C₃N₄ (graphitic carbon nitride) at room temperature and under visible light. Mo(CO)₆ was used to in situ generate CO, to resolve the problems caused by the use of CO gas. This protocol has the ability to be used on a gram scale by using a continuous flow reactor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Nitrophenyl)(piperazin-1-yl)methanone (cas: 72141-41-4Related Products of 72141-41-4).

(4-Nitrophenyl)(piperazin-1-yl)methanone (cas: 72141-41-4) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Simple N-substituted piperazines have been found in many drug molecules. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Related Products of 72141-41-4

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

NanoMIP-Based Solid Phase Extraction of Fluoroquinolones from Human Urine: A Proof-of-Concept Study was written by Chiarello, Matteo;Anfossi, Laura;Cavalera, Simone;Di Nardo, Fabio;Serra, Thea;Baggiani, Claudio. And the article was included in Separations in 2021.Name: 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

NanoMIPs that are prepared by solid phase synthesis have proven to be very versatile, but to date only limited attention has been paid to their use in solid phase extraction Thus, since nanoMIPs show close similarities, in terms of binding behavior, to antibodies, it seems relevant to verify if it is possible to use them as mimics of the natural antibodies that are used in immunoextn. methods. As a proof-of-concept, we considered prepared nanoMIPs against fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin. Several nanoMIPs were prepared in water with polymerization mixtures of different compositions The polymer with the highest affinity towards ciprofloxacin was then grafted onto a solid support and used to set up a solid phase extraction-HPLC method with fluorescence detection, for the determination of fluoroquinolones in human urine. The method resulted in successful selection for the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, such that the nanoMIPs were suitable for direct extraction of the antibiotics from the urine samples at the μg mL^-1 level. They required no preliminary treatment, except for a 1 + 9 (volume/volume) dilution with a buffer of pH 4.5 and they had good analyte recovery rates; up to 85% with precision in the range of 3 to 4.5%, without interference from the matrix. These exptl. results demonstrate, for the first time, the feasibility of the use of nanoMIPs to develop solid phase extraction methods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 98105-99-8Name: 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid).

6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 98105-99-8) belongs to piperazine derivatives. A form in which piperazine is commonly available industrially is as the hexahydrate, C4H10N2. 6H2O, which melts at 44 °C and boils at 125–130 °C. Piperazine and its salts did not induce point mutations in a bacterial test. A series of mutagenicity studies in cells, both in vitro and in vivo, has been completed and showed no evidence of mutagenic effect.Name: 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Analysis of Protein-Protein Interaction in a Single Live Cell by Using a FRET System Based on Genetic Code Expansion Technology was written by Park, Seong-Hyun;Ko, Wooseok;Lee, Hyun Soo;Shin, Injae. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2019.Formula: C30H30Cl2N4O4 This article mentions the following:

Hsp70 is known to directly bind to Bax for suppression of apoptosis. However, mechanisms on how Bax is dissociated from its complex with Hsp70 during apoptosis remain largely unknown. In the current study, the authors developed the efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system which consisted of Hsp70-YFP and fluorescent amino acid (ANAP)-incorporated Bax, which was generated by using genetic code expansion technol., and applied the FRET system to elucidate mechanisms on how apoptosis-inducing substances dissociate Bax from Hsp70. Time-dependent anal. of single live cell images showed that Bax activators binding to Bax trigger sites inhibited the Bax-Hsp70 interaction but a Bax activator, which blocks phosphorylation of S184 via binding to the C-terminal S184 site, did not affect this interaction. Addnl., an inhibitor for Hsp70-Hsp40 interaction blocked the Bax-Hsp70 interaction. Furthermore, p53 activators promoted the dissociation of Bax from Hsp70 by reactivating p53 which disrupted the Bax-Hsp70 interaction. The authors also found that death ligands and a Bcl-2 inhibitor enhanced the dissociation of Bax from Hsp70 by activating activator BH3-only proteins. Results from this effort suggest that FRET systems consisting of the ANAP-incorporated protein and the YFP fusion protein will be valuable tools to gain an understanding of other types of protein-protein interactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(cis-4,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-isopropoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-1-carbonyl)piperazin-2-one (cas: 548472-68-0Formula: C30H30Cl2N4O4).

4-(cis-4,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-isopropoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-1-carbonyl)piperazin-2-one (cas: 548472-68-0) belongs to piperazine derivatives. A form in which piperazine is commonly available industrially is as the hexahydrate, C4H10N2. 6H2O, which melts at 44 °C and boils at 125–130 °C. Two common salts in the form of which piperazine is usually prepared for pharmaceutical or veterinary purposes are the citrate, 3C4H10N2.2C6H8O7 (i.e. containing 3 molecules of piperazine to 2 molecules of citric acid), and the adipate, C4H10N2.C6H10O4 (containing 1 molecule each of piperazine and adipic acid).Formula: C30H30Cl2N4O4

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

[Cariprazine for acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia]. was written by Spoelstra, S K;Visser, L;Knegtering, H. And the article was included in Tijdschrift voor psychiatrie in 2019.Reference of 839712-12-8 This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND: Since 2018, cariprazine has been available for the treatment of schizophrenia on the Dutch and Belgian markets.<br/> AIM: To give an overview of the indications, effectiveness and side effects of cariprazine. To make an inventory of the advantages and disadvantages of this new antipsychotic drug.<br/> METHOD: A clinically oriented literature review of published clinical studies and pharmacodynamic and -kinetic publications.<br/> RESULTS: Cariprazine is unique because of its preferential D3 receptor partial agonist affinity and has, in theory, a beneficial effect on negative symptoms. The antipsychotic has two active metabolites: desmethylcariprazine and didesmethylcariprazine. The long half-life of cariprazine indicates that, in theory, the drug should not be given daily. Cariprazine is metabolized by cyp3a4 and to a lesser extent by cyp2d6 enzymes. Extrapyramidal symptoms and akathisia are relatively frequent side effects. In contrast, metabolic side effects and weight gain have been reported rarely.<br/> CONCLUSION: Cariprazine can be an effective treatment option for schizophrenia. The final positioning of this antipsychotic drug will have to be based on future research. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(trans-4-(2-(4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)cyclohexyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (cas: 839712-12-8Reference of 839712-12-8).

3-(trans-4-(2-(4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)cyclohexyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (cas: 839712-12-8) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine was first introduced as an anthelmintic in 1953. Piperazine compounds mediate their anthelmintic action by generally paralyzing parasites, allowing the host body to easily remove or expel the invading organism. Two common salts in the form of which piperazine is usually prepared for pharmaceutical or veterinary purposes are the citrate, 3C4H10N2.2C6H8O7 (i.e. containing 3 molecules of piperazine to 2 molecules of citric acid), and the adipate, C4H10N2.C6H10O4 (containing 1 molecule each of piperazine and adipic acid).Reference of 839712-12-8

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A simple and efficient synthesis of calcium channel blocker flunarizine was written by Narsaiah, A. Venkat;Kumar, J. Kranthi. And the article was included in Organic Chemistry: An Indian Journal in 2011.Quality Control of 4,4-Difluorobenzhydrylpiperazine This article mentions the following:

T-type calcium channel blocker and anti-ischemic drug 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-cinnamylpiperazine synthesis was carried out in four steps with an average of 70% yield. This route is very convenient and can be applied for large scale preparation of Flunarizine with high yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,4-Difluorobenzhydrylpiperazine (cas: 27469-60-9Quality Control of 4,4-Difluorobenzhydrylpiperazine).

4,4-Difluorobenzhydrylpiperazine (cas: 27469-60-9) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine is a fairly basic compound and is an amine solvent. Piperazines are very broad chemical group, covering a wide range of drugs from antidepressants to antihistamines. The connecting property of all these chemicals is the presence of a piperazine functional group.Quality Control of 4,4-Difluorobenzhydrylpiperazine

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phenotypic Screening Combined with Machine Learning for Efficient Identification of Breast Cancer-Selective Therapeutic Targets was written by Gautam, Prson;Jaiswal, Alok;Aittokallio, Tero;Al-Ali, Hassan;Wennerberg, Krister. And the article was included in Cell Chemical Biology in 2019.Name: rel-N-(5-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-((3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)benzamide This article mentions the following:

The lack of functional understanding of most mutations in cancer, combined with the non-druggability of most proteins, challenge genomics-based identification of oncol. drug targets. We implemented a machine-learning-based approach (idTRAX), which relates cell-based screening of small-mol. compounds to their kinase inhibition data, to directly identify effective and readily druggable targets. We applied idTRAX to triple-neg. breast cancer cell lines and efficiently identified cancer-selective targets. For example, we found that inhibiting AKT selectively kills MFM-223 and CAL148 cells, while inhibiting FGFR2 only kills MFM-223. Since the effects of catalytically inhibiting a protein can diverge from those of reducing its levels, targets identified by idTRAX frequently differ from those identified through gene knockout/knockdown methods. This is critical if the purpose is to identify targets specifically for small-mol. drug development, whereby idTRAX may produce fewer false-positives. The rapid nature of the approach suggests that it may be applicable in personalizing therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-N-(5-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-((3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)benzamide (cas: 1035270-39-3Name: rel-N-(5-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-((3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)benzamide).

rel-N-(5-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-((3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)benzamide (cas: 1035270-39-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine belongs to the family of medicines called anthelmintics. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Name: rel-N-(5-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-((3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)benzamide

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Conjugated push-pull salts derived from linear benzobisthiazole: preparation and optical properties was written by Cibova, Alexandra;Magdolen, Peter;Fueloepova, Andrea;Zahradnik, Pavol. And the article was included in Chemical Papers in 2013.SDS of cas: 27913-99-1 This article mentions the following:

A series of novel monomethylated salts derived from linear benzobisthiazole was prepared The push-pull attributes of these new compounds are represented by a quaternized azolium cycle as the acceptor part at one end of the structure and the dialkylamino- or diarylamino-substituted benzene ring as the donor part at the opposite end. Both moieties are connected by a conjugated linker consisting of one or two double bonds. Such dipolar structures are promising candidates for non-linear optical materials. The quantum-chem. indexes describing linear and non-linear optical properties were obtained from semi-empirical calculations The relationships between the chem. structure and non-linear optical properties of the cations studied were obtained. Effective conjugation was confirmed by measuring the optical properties in the UV-VIS region. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 27913-99-1SDS of cas: 27913-99-1).

4-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 27913-99-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Industrial applications of piperazine include the manufacture of plastics, resins, pesticides and brake fluids. Piperazine is an anthelminthic especially useful in the treatment of partial intestinal obstruction caused by Ascaris worms, which is a condition primarily seen in children. Piperazine hydrate and piperazine citrate are the main anthelminthic piperazines.SDS of cas: 27913-99-1

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ribociclib inhibits P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in human epidermoid carcinoma cells was written by Zhang, Lei;Ye, Biwei;Lin, Yunfeng;Li, Yi-Dong;Wang, Jing-Quan;Chen, Zhuo;Ping, Feng-Feng;Chen, Zhe-Sheng. And the article was included in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C23H30N8O This article mentions the following:

The efficacy of cancer chemotherapy can be attenuated or abrogated by multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. In this study, we determined the effect of the CDK4/6 inhibitor, ribociclib (or LEE011), on P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated MDR in the human epidermoid carcinoma MDR cell line, KB-C2, which is widely used for studying P-gpmediated MDR in cancers. The incubation of KB-C2 cells with ribociclib (3-9μM) increased the efficacy of colchicine, a substrate for P-gp. The cell expression of P-gp was downregulated at both translation and transcription levels. Furthermore, ribociclib produced a 3.5-fold increase in the basal activity of P-gp ATPase, and the concentration required to increase basal activity by 50% (EC₅₀) was 0.04μM. Docking studies indicated that ribociclib interacted with the drug-substrate binding site of P-gp. The short-term and long-term intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin greatly increased in the KB-C2 cells cocultured with ribociclib, indicating ribociclib inhibited the drug efflux activity of P-gp. The results of our study indicate that LEE011 may be a potential agent for combined therapy of the cancers with P-gp mediated MDR. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Cyclopentyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (cas: 1211441-98-3Synthetic Route of C23H30N8O).

7-Cyclopentyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (cas: 1211441-98-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Simple N-substituted piperazines have been found in many drug molecules. Although many piperazine derivatives occur naturally, piperazine itself can be synthesized by reacting alcoholic ammonia with 1,2-dichloroethane, by the action of sodium and ethylene glycol on ethylene diamine hydrochloride, or by reduction of pyrazine with sodium in ethanol.Synthetic Route of C23H30N8O

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics