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Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii called Chlorination and bromination of acetaldehyde and lower homologs, Author is Shchukina, M. N., which mentions a compound: 3400-55-3, SMILESS is CC(Br)C(OCC)OCC, Molecular C7H15BrO2, Product Details of 3400-55-3.
Chlorination of AcH at 16-18° proceeds through a substance composed of 2 moles ClCH2CHO, 1 mole AcH, and 1 mole HCl, which on distillation dissociate and gives 60% ClCH2CHO. Prolonged chlorination of AcH at 70-80° gives mainly Cl2CHCHO, while at 80-90° chloral forms mainly, with some MeCHClCCl2CHO. Bromination of AcH and homologs proceeds at a lower temperature than the chlorination and gives 1,2-di-Br alcs. as primary products; further action is slow and requires a higher temperature The mechanism of chlorination and bromination must be regarded as consisting of proton addition to give an intermediate which has a hydroxycarbenium structure in one of the equilibrium states; the presence of the incomplete electron octet explains the ease of halogenation and the polymerization tendency; the difficulty of continued reaction is explained by decreased weight of the carbenium structure after introduction of 1 Br atom. Passage of dry Cl into 44 g. AcH leads to a temperature rise despite cooling and is best done at 16-18°, as an initially preset -5° temperature leads to violent action delayed 2-10 min.; HCl evolution starts after 24 g. Cl is taken up. When a 3 mols. AcH:2 mols. Cl ratio is reached, Cl is no longer absorbed; 13-14 g. HCl is recovered and the product, 78-84 g., is a fuming colorless liquid, whose analysis confirms the above-given complex. Distillation gives 13 g. HCl, 8 g. AcH, 47 g. ClCH2CHO, b. 80-6° (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, m. 158-9°), and 10 g. residue of trichloroparaldehyde, m. 83-4°. On standing 24 hrs. the complex seps. into 2 layers: upper, aqueous HCl; and bottom, ClCH2CHO.H2O, b. 88-93°, b20-1 23-5°. Addition of 44 g. of the complex to 50 g. thiourea in water, followed by 28 g. NaHCO3 and heating 2 hrs. at 85-90°, gave 48-50% 2-aminothiazole, m. 96° (from benzene). If the chlorination is continued 12 hrs. with gradual heating to 70-80°, there is obtained 90 g. product, which on distillation gives 57.5% Cl2CHCHO, b. 88-90°, yielding, with 2,4-(O2N)2C6H3NHNH2 the corresponding glyoxal derivative, m. 315°; on standing, Cl2HCCHO gives a solid polymer which dissociates on distillation Similar chlorination carried further 8 hrs. at 80°, 12 hrs. at 80-90°, and 8 hrs. at 90° (Cl absorption stops) gave 120 g. crude product yielding on distillation 50% chloral, followed by 9.5 g. trichlorobutyraldehyde, m. 78° (b. about 150°); addition of Fe chloride (from 3 g. Fe and HCl) gives a somewhat lower yield of chloral. Bromination was conducted as described earlier (Stepanov, et al., C.A. 21, 731) and is facilitated by illumination; the induction period is 2-3 min. and the addition of Br must be halted until the initial action subsides. When 1 mol. Br is added at 5°, the addition stops and addition of alcs. to this primary product gives α-bromoacetals; in this manner the di-Et acetals of BrCH2CHO, MeCHBrCHO, EtCHBrCHO, and Me2CHCHBrCHO were obtained in 69-73% yields (no data). Addition of a 2nd Br requires 6-7 hrs. at 25-40°; passage of dry N or CO2 is used to remove the HBr prior to isolation of the products; treatment with P2O5 and distillation gave 55% Br2CHCHO, b. 137-40°, 48% MeCBr2CHO, b730 128-30° (with semicarbazide-HCl this gives methylglyoxal disemicarbazone, m. 252-3°, and with HC(OEt)3 79% MeCBr2CH(OEt)2, b14 96-8°, d154 1.5513, n15D 1.4783), and 61% EtCBr2CHO, b40 85° (di-Et acetal, d154 1.645, n15D 1.4875), from the corresponding aldehydes.
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Reference:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics