Month: February 2023

Rapid and ultra-trace levels analysis of 33 antibiotics in water by on-line solid-phase extraction with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was written by Shen, Fei;Xu, Yan-Juan;Wang, Ye;Chen, Jing;Wang, Shuo. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

A method was developed for the determination of 33 antibiotics belonging to 4 different antibiotic groups, including sulfonamides (16), fluoroquinolones (12), macrolides (1), and tetracyclines (4) in water samples using online solid-phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatog.-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (online SPE-UPLC-MS/MS). The enrichment and anal. conditions were optimized for the determination of trace concentrations (nanogram per L). Aliquots of the water samples (5 mL) were filtered through a membrane and enriched on an online polymeric column with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). The analyte was eluted by the mobile phase during online SPE and separated on an Acquity BEH130 column, detected by tandem mass spectrometry, and quantified using an external standard method. The optimization of the anal. methods was discussed, which included optimization of pH of the sample, filtration membrane, Na2EDTA, chromatog. column, formic acid and aqueous ammonia in mobile phase. The detection limit for all test compounds by this method was in the range of 0.2-1.5 ng/L, with recoveries of 76.6-118%. The precision of the method, as indicated by the relative standard deviation, was 2.4-7.9%. Results of anal. of surface water samples demonstrated the ability of the proposed method to analyze ultra-trace levels of antibiotics, without the need for complex manual pretreatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 98105-99-8Application In Synthesis of 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid).

6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 98105-99-8) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Application In Synthesis of 6-Fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sarcoid-like lesions obfuscating the diagnosis of disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection in a patient with IL-12Rβ1-associated immunodeficiency was written by Denicolo, Sara;Laydevant, Sophie;Fink, Julia;Geiger, Christoph;Pizzini, Alex;Sarcletti, Mario;Zschocke, Johannes;Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa;Weiss, Guenter;Tancevski, Ivan. And the article was included in BMC Infectious Diseases in 2022.Recommanded Product: 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins This article mentions the following:

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease that is characterized by non-caseating epithelioid-cell granulomas upon histol. However, similar histol. findings may also be seen with certain infections. Thus, differentiation from infection is pivotal to ensure appropriate treatment. Here, we present a case of a disseminated infection with Mycobacterium genavense owing to an interleukin 12 receptor subunit beta 1 (IL-12Rβ1) associated immunodeficiency in a previously healthy female who was initially misdiagnosed with sarcoidosis. M. genavense is a nontuberculous mycobacterium which can cause lymphadenopathy, gastrointestinal and bone marrow infiltration in immunocompromised patients. With this case report we aim to highlight that an infection with M. genavense on the ground of a genetic defect of mycobacterial immune control may represent a rare differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis. A 31-yr-old female was referred to our hospital with progressive lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia and systemic inflammation. She had previously been evaluated for generalized lymphadenopathy in another hospital. At that time, lymph node biopsies had revealed sarcoid-like lesions and a systemic corticosteroid treatment was initiated based on a putative diagnosis of sarcoidosis. When her condition worsened, she was transferred to our university clinic, where the diagnosis of disseminated M. genavense infection owing to an inborn interferonopathy was made. Her family history revealed that her brother had also suffered from IL-12Rβ1 deficiency and had died from a systemic infection with M. genavense at the age of 21. The patient received antimycobacterial treatment combined with s.c. type I interferon, which eventually led to a gradual improvement over the next months. Differentiating between sarcoidosis and sarcoid-like lesions secondary to infections may be challenging, especially when pathogens are difficult to detect or not expected in an apparently immunocompetent patient. Patients with IL-12Rβ1-associated immunodeficiency may be asymptomatic until adulthood, and disseminated M. genavense infection on the grounds of an IL-12Rβ1-associated immunodeficiency may represent a rare differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins (cas: 13292-46-1Recommanded Product: 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins).

8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins (cas: 13292-46-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine belongs to the family of medicines called anthelmintics. Although many piperazine derivatives occur naturally, piperazine itself can be synthesized by reacting alcoholic ammonia with 1,2-dichloroethane, by the action of sodium and ethylene glycol on ethylene diamine hydrochloride, or by reduction of pyrazine with sodium in ethanol.Recommanded Product: 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of pyrazinamide Mannich bases and their antitubercular properties was written by Sriram, Dharmarajan;Yogeeswari, Perumal;Reddy, Sushma Pobba. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2006.Recommanded Product: 112811-57-1 This article mentions the following:

A series of pyrazinamide (PAZ) Mannich bases has been synthesized by reacting PAZ, formaldehyde, and various substituted piperazines using microwave irradiation with the yield ranging from 46% to 86%. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimycobacterial activity in vitro and in vivo against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB). Among the synthesized compounds, 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-4-((pyrazine-2-carboxamido)methyl)piperazinyl)-4-(oxo)-3-quinoline-carboxylic acid (I) was found to be the most active compound in vitro with MIC of 0.39 and 0.2 μg/mL against MTB and multidrug-resistant MTB, resp. In the in vivo animal model I decreased the bacterial load in lung and spleen tissues with 1.86 and 1.66-log10 protections, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 112811-57-1Recommanded Product: 112811-57-1).

1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 112811-57-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Industrial applications of piperazine include the manufacture of plastics, resins, pesticides and brake fluids. Intermediate for a wide range of pharmaceuticals, polymers, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, rubber accelerators and surfactants.Recommanded Product: 112811-57-1

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Improvement of the QuEChERS extraction step by matrix-dispersion effect and application on beta-lactams analysis in wastewater sludge by LC-MS/MS was written by Guironnet, Alexandre;Wiest, Laure;Vulliet, Emmanuelle. And the article was included in Talanta in 2022.Synthetic Route of C25H27N9O8S2 This article mentions the following:

In the last decade, beta-lactams use in veterinary and human medicine increased to represent today about 15% of the overall consumption. Beta-lactams tend to degrade and metabolize in the environment. Therefore, anal. methods must be sensitive enough to quantify low concentrations of the parent mols. and also allow detection of metabolites. This study presents the development of a modified QuEChERS method for the extraction of seven beta-lactams and one degradation product (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cefapirin, Cefoperazone, Cefquinome, Ceftiofur, Cloxacillin, and Amoxicillin-Diketopiperazine) from sewage treatment plant sludge and their anal. by liquid chromatog. coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Before the QuEChERS extraction, a dispersion step of the sample with EDTA-treated sand was optimized and added, allowing to facilitate the exchanges between the matrix and the extraction solvent. Then, to decrease the interferences present in the extract, a fast and efficient pass-through SPE was implemented. The optimized method was validated and showed satisfactory performances, in adequacy with the anal. of beta-lactams in solid environmental matrixes. Limits of quantification lower than 20 ng.g-1 for all analytes, high accuracy (96%-114% quantification on spiked samples nominal concentration) and interday precision (2%-12% RSD) were obtained. This method was then applied to eight sludge samples. Cefapirin and amoxicillin-diketopiperazine were detected in four samples each, at concentrations of 10.2-53.3 ng.g-1 and 3.0-9.5 ng.g-1 resp. Thus, the developed method is very effective for the extraction of beta-lactams from environmental solid matrixes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6R,7R)-7-((R)-2-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-carboxamido)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3-(((1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 62893-19-0Synthetic Route of C25H27N9O8S2).

(6R,7R)-7-((R)-2-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-carboxamido)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3-(((1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 62893-19-0) belongs to piperazine derivatives. The piperazine scaffold is often found in biologically active compounds in different therapeutic areas. These therapeutic areas include antifungals, antidepressants, antivirals, and serotonin receptor (5-HT) antagonists/agonists. Although many piperazine derivatives occur naturally, piperazine itself can be synthesized by reacting alcoholic ammonia with 1,2-dichloroethane, by the action of sodium and ethylene glycol on ethylene diamine hydrochloride, or by reduction of pyrazine with sodium in ethanol.Synthetic Route of C25H27N9O8S2

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla through activating the BMP-Smad signalling pathway was written by Liu, Zeni;Lin, Yuxiu;Fang, Xiaolin;Yang, Jingwen;Chen, Zhi. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Application of 1062368-24-4 This article mentions the following:

Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) are desirable sources of dentin regeneration. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural component of green tea, shows potential in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells. However, whether EGCG regulates the odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs and how this occurs remain unknown. SCAPs from immature human third molars (16-20 years, n = 5) were treated with a medium containing different concentrations of EGCG or bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), with or without LDN193189 (an inhibitor of the canonical BMP pathway). Cell proliferation and migration were analyzed using a CCK-8 assay and wound-healing assay, resp. Osteo-/odontogenic differentiation was evaluated via alk. phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, and the expression of osteo-/odontogenic markers using qPCR and Western blotting. We found that EGCG (1 or 10 μM) promoted the proliferation of SCAPs, increased alk. phosphatase activity and mineral deposition, and upregulated the expression of osteo-/odontogenic markers including dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), dentin matrix protein-1 (Dmp-1), bone sialoprotein (Bsp), and Type I collagen (Col1), along with the elevated expression of BMP2 and phosphorylation level of Smad1/5/9 (p < 0.01). EGCG at concentrations below 10 μM had no significant influence on cell migration. Moreover, EGCG-induced osteo-/odontogenic differentiation was significantly attenuated via LDN193189 treatment (p < 0.01). Furthermore, EGCG showed the ability to promote mineralization comparable with that of recombinant BMP2. Our study demonstrated that EGCG promotes the osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs through the BMP-Smad signaling pathway. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(6-(4-(Piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)quinoline (cas: 1062368-24-4Application of 1062368-24-4).

4-(6-(4-(Piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)quinoline (cas: 1062368-24-4) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Intermediate for a wide range of pharmaceuticals, polymers, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, rubber accelerators and surfactants.Application of 1062368-24-4

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The effects of acute treatment with tandospirone, diazepam, and placebo on driving performance and cognitive function in healthy volunteers was written by Takahashi, Masahiro;Iwamoto, Kunihiro;Kawamura, Yukiko;Nakamura, Yukako;Ishihara, Ryoko;Uchiyama, Yuji;Ebe, Kazutoshi;Noda, Akiko;Noda, Yukihiro;Yoshida, Keizo;Iidaka, Tetsuya;Ozaki, Norio. And the article was included in Human Psychopharmacology in 2010.Category: piperazines This article mentions the following:

Objective: To assess the effects of two anxiolytics, diazepam and tandospirone, on driving performance from methodol. viewpoints taking frequent rear-end collisions into account. Methods: In this double-blinded, three-way crossover trial, 18 healthy males received acute doses of 20 mg tandospirone (TSP), 5 mg diazepam (DZP), and placebo (PCB). The subjects were administered three driving tasks-road tracking, car following, and harsha braking-performed using a driving simulator and three cognitive tasks-Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Continuous Performance Test, and N-back test-at baseline and at 1 and 4 h post-dosing. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale scores were also assessed. Results: DZP nonsignificantly increased the percent change of brake reaction time (BRT) as compared to PCB at 4 h post-dosing. TSP nonsignificantly decreased the percent change of BRT as compared to PCB. Consequently, there was a significant difference in the percent change of BRT between DZP and TSP at 4 h post-dosing. For the remaining tasks, no statistically significant effects of treatment were observed Conclusions: Acute doses of DZP significantly impaired the harsh-braking performance as compared to acute doses of TSP. These findings suggest that TSP may be used more safely in patients’ driving activities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-2-(4-(4-(Pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoisoindole-1,3(2H)-dione 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (cas: 112457-95-1Category: piperazines).

rel-(3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-2-(4-(4-(Pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoisoindole-1,3(2H)-dione 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (cas: 112457-95-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine belongs to the family of medicines called anthelmintics. Although many piperazine derivatives occur naturally, piperazine itself can be synthesized by reacting alcoholic ammonia with 1,2-dichloroethane, by the action of sodium and ethylene glycol on ethylene diamine hydrochloride, or by reduction of pyrazine with sodium in ethanol.Category: piperazines

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Palbociclib negatively regulates fatty acid synthesis due to upregulation of AMPKα and miR-33a levels to increase apoptosis in Panc-1 and MiaPaCa-2 cells was written by Rencuzogullari, Ozge;Yerlikaya, Pinar Obakan;Guerkan, Ajda Coker;Arisan, Elif Damla;Telci, Dilek. And the article was included in Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry in 2022.Name: 6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one This article mentions the following:

Fatty acids (FAs) synthesis mechanism has various regulators such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), AMP-regulated protein kinase (AMPK), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which are aberrantly dysregulated in various pancreatic cancer cells. In this study, we aim to understand the regulatory role of palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, on the cellular energy metabolism through regulation of AMPK/mTOR signaling by modulation of intracellular miR-33a levels in Panc-1 and MiaPaCa-2 cells. Palbociclib downregulated FAs metabolism more effectively in MiaPaCa-2 cells than Panc-1 cells. Moreover, palbociclib treatment increased the levels of miR-33a in each cell line albeit a higher increase was evident in MiaPaCa-2 cells. Stress-mediated activation of mTOR signaling axis was found associated with palbociclib-mediated AMPKα activation and miR33a upregulation. These findings provided that a deeper understanding about possible interactions of cell cycle activity and reduction of FAs synthesis may facilitate the enhancement of cell death mechanisms in pancreatic cancer cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (cas: 571190-30-2Name: 6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one).

6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (cas: 571190-30-2) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine was first introduced as an anthelmintic in 1953. Piperazine compounds mediate their anthelmintic action by generally paralyzing parasites, allowing the host body to easily remove or expel the invading organism. Piperazine and its salts did not induce point mutations in a bacterial test. A series of mutagenicity studies in cells, both in vitro and in vivo, has been completed and showed no evidence of mutagenic effect.Name: 6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Carbendazim shapes microbiome and enhances resistome in the earthworm gut was written by Song, Jiajin;Li, Tongxin;Zheng, Zhiruo;Fu, Wenjie;Long, Zhengnan;Shi, Nan;Han, Yuling;Zhang, Luqing;Yu, Yunlong;Fang, Hua. And the article was included in Microbiome in 2022.COA of Formula: C43H58N4O12 This article mentions the following:

It is worrisome that several pollutants can enhance the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, including agricultural fungicides. As an important bioindicator for environmental risk assessment, earthworm is still a neglected focus that the effects of the fungicide carbendazim (CBD) residues on the gut microbiome and resistome are largely unknown. In this study, Eisenia fetida was selected to investigate the effects of CBD in the soil-earthworm systems using shotgun metagenomics and qPCR methods. CBD could significantly perturb bacterial community and enrich specific bacteria mainly belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria. More importantly, CBD could serve as a co-selective agent to elevate the abundance and diversity of ARGs, particularly for some specific types (e.g., multidrug, glycopeptide, tetracycline, and rifamycin resistance genes) in the earthworm gut. Addnl., host tracking anal. suggested that ARGs were mainly carried in some genera of the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, the level of ARGs was pos. relevant to the abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and some representative co-occurrence patterns of ARGs and MGEs (e.g., cmx-transposase and sul1-integrase) were further found on the metagenome-assembled contigs in the CBD treatments. It can be concluded that the enhancement effect of CBD on the resistome in the earthworm gut may be attributed to its stress on the gut microbiome and facilitation on the ARGs dissemination mediated by MGEs, which may provide a novel insight into the neglected ecotoxicol. risk of the widely used agrochems. on the gut resistome of earthworm dwelling in soil. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins (cas: 13292-46-1COA of Formula: C43H58N4O12).

8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins (cas: 13292-46-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. A form in which piperazine is commonly available industrially is as the hexahydrate, C4H10N2. 6H2O, which melts at 44 °C and boils at 125–130 °C. Outside the body, piperazine has a remarkable power to dissolve uric acid and producing a soluble urate, but in clinical experience it has not proved equally successful. COA of Formula: C43H58N4O12

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparative dissolution of commercially available hydroxyzine hydrochloride tablets was written by Noory, Carol;Wolyniak, Cecilia;Ogger, Kathryn E.;Shah, Vinod P.. And the article was included in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy in 1992.Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2 This article mentions the following:

A comparative dissolution study was conducted on com. available hydroxyzine-HCl tablets using USP Apparatus 2 (Paddle Method) at 50 rpm and two dissolution media: water and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) and the USP recommended method employing the disintegration apparatus The dissolution characteristics of 22 samples of hydroxyzine-HCl tablets representing four dosage levels and seven manufacturers were profiled. The study illustrated that the Modified Disintegration apparatus is not able to distinguish slow dissolving formulations from fast dissolving formulation and, consequently, does not provide assurance of bioequivalence and does not perform as an adequate manufacturing control to insure lot to lot uniformity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Industrial applications of piperazine include the manufacture of plastics, resins, pesticides and brake fluids. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Triphenylamine-based pH chemosensor: Synthesis, crystal structure, photophysical properties and computational studies was written by Gu, Dan;Yang, Guochun;He, Yi;Qi, Bin;Wang, Guang;Su, Zhongmin. And the article was included in Synthetic Metals in 2009.Category: piperazines This article mentions the following:

A triphenylamine-containing pH chemosensor, N,N’-di[3-(diphenylamine)benzyl]-piperazine, was designed and synthesized with Ullmann reaction. The compound crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n: a = 9.8004(12) Å, b = 13.3321(17) Å, c = 12.9575(16) Å, β = 103.510(2)°, Z = 2 and ρ = 1.212 Mg/m³. The synthesized compound excited by UV light produce intensive emission and a quantum yield of 0.56 relative to quinine sulfate was achieved. The fluorescence intensity of synthesized compound in water/DMF (4:1, volume/volume) under excitation of 307 nm decreased with the decrease of pH, exptl. and computational studies further confirmed that the protonation of N-triphenylamine leads to the fluorescence quenching. The results clearly indicate the potential of synthesized compound as highly efficient on-off switcher for protons. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Piperazine Dihydrochloride (cas: 142-64-3Category: piperazines).

Piperazine Dihydrochloride (cas: 142-64-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Category: piperazines

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics