Docking analysis of circulating CTX-M variants in multi-drug resistant, beta-lactamase and biofilm-producing E. coli isolated from pet animals and backyard livestock was written by Banerjee, Abhiroop;Pal, Surajit;Goswami, Purba;Batabyal, Kunal;Joardar, Siddhartha Narayan;Dey, Samir;Isore, Devi Prasad;Dutta, Tapan Kumar;Bandyopadhyay, Samiran;Samanta, Indranil. And the article was included in Microbial Pathogenesis in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 70458-96-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The generation of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria largely depends on the use of antimicrobials not only in humans but also in pet animals and livestock. The present study was conducted to detect the occurrence of β-lactamase and biofilm-producing- E.coli in healthy pet and backyard livestock. The study also intended on mol. docking experiments to confirm the nature of the catalytic mechanism in β-lactamase enzymes, encoded by the various blaCTX-M genotypes and phylogenetic anal. to reveal clonal relationship of the animal origin E. coli isolates with human clin. strains. The rectal swabs were collected from healthy dogs (n = 254), cats (n = 108), sheep (n = 119) and goats (n = 143) in India. In total 247 (76.47%) E. coli strains were identified as ESBL producers. The possession of ESBL-producers was significantly more (p < 0.05) in pets than in the backyard livestock. Most of the strains possessed blaCTX-M-15 like clones. E. coli strains possessing blaCTX-M-15.2, blaCTX-M-157, blaCTX-M-181 and blaCTX-M-218 like clones, isolated from pets were not reported earlier. The study detected 56.65% of E. coli strains as moderate or strong biofilm producers possessing biofilm-associated genes (csgA, rcsA, rpoS, sdiA). ESBL-producing E. coli showed phenotypical resistance to tetracycline (93.1%), azithromycin (89.8%), ampicillin (84.2%), cefotaxime (80.9%), doxycycline (82.5%), co-trimoxazole (80.9%), ampicillin/cloxacillin (76.9%). The CTX-M variants obtained in this study were modelled by the SWISS-MODEL and verified. Ligand having min. binding energy, show the highest affinity of β-lactamases for cefotaxime and cefpodoxime. The Gibbs free energy release for all 14 different complex ranges between -6.9 (CTX-M-15.2+cefpodoxime) to -5.3 (CTX-M-218+cefpodoxime) Kcal/mol. Phylogenetic anal. of the animal origin ESBL-E. coli strains revealed a partial clonal relationship with the clin. isolates of local human patients. The present study described the significant presence of biofilm and β-lactamase producing, multi-drug resistant E. coli in pet animals having public health importance. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 70458-96-7HPLC of Formula: 70458-96-7).
1-Ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 70458-96-7) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.HPLC of Formula: 70458-96-7
Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics